History and Timeline
Early Napa
Wild grapes grew in abundance in early Napa Valley, but it took early settlers such as George Calvert Yount to recognize the area's potential for cultivating winegrapes. Establishing the first local homestead in what is now Yountville in 1836, Yount was the first to plant vineyards in the valley. Other early pioneers included John Patchett, who planted the first commercial vineyard; Dr. George Crane, who promoted the planting of grapevines through a series of newspaper articles; and Hamilton Walker Crabb, who experimented with more than 400 grape varieties.
Napa Valley Rocks: History
The Napa Valley's rich winemaking history began well before the California Gold Rush. Ever since, a host of immigrants, pioneers, visionaries and risk-takers have made their way to the Napa Valley and have contributed to the region's rich and colorful history. This short video chronicles the appellation's rise to prominence in just 150 short years.
The Pioneers
Charles Krug is credited with establishing Napa Valley's first commercial winery in 1861, and by 1889 there were more than 140 wineries in operation, including Schramsberg (founded in 1862), Beringer (1876) and Inglenook (1879). Before long, however, the rapid expansion of the new wine industry saw prices plummet amidst a sea of surplus grapes, and the arrival of phylloxera dealt vintners a stunning blow, as much of the valley's vineyard acreage fell victim to the destructive root louse.
Prohibition
An even greater threat to Napa Valley's wine business arrived in 1920, with the enactment of Prohibition. Vineyards were abandoned and many winemakers found other trades during the next 14 years, with a handful of wineries continuing to operate by producing sacramental wines. With the repeal of Prohibition in 1933, Napa Valley's wine industry began its renaissance: a period of recovery, then tremendous expansion and, finally, in recent years, refinement.
Early NVV
The early 1940s marked an important point in the Napa Valleys' wine history, when a group of vintners came together in 1944 to share ideas on grape growing and winemaking amidst a convivial atmosphere of shared camaraderie, good food and wine. This group laid the foundation for the Napa Valley Vintners, a dynamic trade organization dedicated to advancing Napa Valley's wines both domestically and abroad.
Growers
In 1975, the Napa Valley Grapegrowers was organized and today both growers and vintners join forces on projects of common interest, devoting much of their time to an active marketing program.
Charity
A new chapter in Napa Valley's history was opened in 1981, when the first Napa Valley Wine Auction was sponsored at Meadowood Resort. Over the years, this NVV-sponsored celebration of Napa Valley wine and food has become the "world's most successful" charity wine event, drawing participants from around the globe. From this, the NVV has given more than $110 million to local healthcare, youth education programs and affordable housing since 1981.
Present and Future
Today, Napa Valley is home to more than 400 wineries and numerous more brands. Its growers and vintners combine cutting-edge science with traditional techniques, and its reputation for producing world-class wines is firmly established in an ever-growing global market.
